The Benefits of Using What Is Dc Current

There are two types of electrical current, AC and DC. One flows back and forth alternating directions: alternating current. The other flows consistently in the same direction direct current. This page discusses the differences between the two, along with the advantages each carries along with it.

Brief summary of AC and DC

For more information on the specific currents, see their respective pages: AC and DC

• Alternating current is produced within most types of power plants by spinning generators. The direction of current reverses, or alternates, 50-60 times per second depending on a country's standards.[1] Alternating current is the current that travels through power lines and comes through the power outlets found throughout a home or building. There are various reasons why AC was the current of choice to perform this task, which will be discussed below.

• Direct current is produced by power sources like batteries, fuel cells, and solar panels. Such power sources have two terminals that are positive and negative respectively, which creates a relatively constant voltage for electrons to flow through. Current always flows in the same direction between these two terminals.[1]

• Figure 1. An animation from a PhET simulation of alternating current which has been slowed down considerably.[2]

• Figure 2. An animation from a PhET simulation of direct current which has been slowed down considerably.[3]

Advantages of each

Alternating current uses of varying voltage and flow of electrons within a conductor. Direct current flows in one direction and with a relatively constant current (charge flowing by a point per unit time). The way each can be manipulated, however, is what is important, and provides clear advantages for certain applications among the two.

Advantages of AC

AC is the current of choice for power plants and the electrical grid as a whole. When a plug is connected to an electrical outlet, alternating current comes out, providing power to countless devices like light bulbs and refrigerators. AC is preferred for this application because:

Resistance reduces the energy transmitted in a wire. By increasing the voltage on the wires to very high voltages for long distance transmission, this loss can be reduced. The loss of power ([math]P_{lost}[/math]) is given by the equation:[4]

[math]P_{lost}=I^2\times R[/math]

where:

• [math]I[/math]

  is the current in amperes

• [math]R[/math]

  is the resistance in ohms

Increasing the voltages the grid transmits electricity reduces this lost power. As the voltage gets higher, the current decreases proportionally because the transmitted electrical power (energy per unit time) remains the same. For example, if the voltage is increased by a factor of 100, the current must decrease by a factor of 100 and the resulting power lost will be decreased by 1002 = 10000. However there is a limit, being that at extremely high voltages (2000 kV) the electricity begins to discharge resulting in high losses.[4]

Efficient transmission saves power companies and consumers a lot of money, which helps reduce pollution since power plants do not need to make up for lost electricity by using more fuel.

Other advantages of AC include:[5]

• Low maintenance costs of high speed AC motors.
• Easy to interrupt the current (ie. with a circuit breaker) due to the current going to zero naturally every 1/2 cycle. For example, a circuit breaker can interrupt about 1/20th as much DC as AC current.

Advantages of DC

A big advantage of direct current is that it is easier to change the speed of a DC electric motor than it is for an AC one. This is useful in many applications, such as electric and hybrid cars.[5]

Direct current is used in essentially all consumer electronics, since transistors (the building blocks of modern electronics) rely on it to operate. Devices that use DC current include cell phones, laptops, TVs and much more.

Direct current may also be used to transmit electricity with even greater efficiency than alternating current over extremely large distances by use of HVDC transmission (high-voltage direct current). Along with higher efficiency, HVDC also allows for different AC systems (ie. 50 Hz and 60 Hz) to be connected.[6]

For Further Reading

For further information please see the related pages below:

References

1. 1.0 1.1Direct Current Versus Alternating Current [Online], Available:

   How Stuff Works. (Accessed December 30, 2015).[Online], Available: http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity8.htm

2. ↑http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/circuit-construction-kit/circuit-construction-kit-ac_en.jnlp
3. ↑http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/circuit-construction-kit/circuit-construction-kit-ac_en.jnlp
4. 4.0 4.1

   R. Paynter and B.J. Boydell, "Transmission Lines and Substations" in Introduction to Electricity, 1st ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, 2011, ch.25, sec.3, pp.1102-1104

5. 5.0 5.1

   Private communication with M. Pigman power engineer for Tacoma Power, Sept. 17th, 2015.

6. ↑Alternating Current vs. Direct Current [Online], Available:

   Spark Fun. (Accessed December 30, 2015).[Online], Available: https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/alternating-current-ac-vs-direct-current-dc

 In an electrifying age where power surges through every nook and cranny of our lives, two mighty forces – alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) – stand tall, each championing its own realm. Fueling our homes, powering our vehicles, and dictating the pulse of our digital domain, with just a spark, these currents shape our modern world. Delve into the ever-charged debate as we illuminate the pros, cons, and applications of this dynamic duo. In the end, can one truly emerge as the victor, or are we destined to thrive on a blended synergy of these energetic titans? Electrify your knowledge as we unearth the gripping tale of an electric showdown between AC vs DC power!

What is AC Power?

What does AC power mean? Alternating Current (AC) is an electrical current type in which the flow of electrical charge periodically reverses direction. It is the form in which electrical power is delivered to businesses and residences.

Pros and Cons

Pros

• AC voltage can be easily increased/decreased using a transformer. So, what is AC powermean about this? Well, this helps in power transmission over long distances.
• Power loss while the transmission is less as compared to DC power.
• Electrical appliances are more durable with an AC power source.
• Systems using AC power can utilize the phase difference of power and can share loads among different phases, leading to greater power efficiency.

Cons

• AC power poses a higher risk compared to DC due to the higher peak voltage.
• Another difference between AC and DC poweris that alternating current waveforms can be easily distorted by inductive and capacitive loads.
• Installing AC supply needs more precautions than DC due to higher risks of shock.

Applications of AC Power

AC power is widely used due to its numerous advantages, especially its ability to be transported over long distances with minimal power loss. Some common applications include:

• Power Distribution:As mentioned above, AC power is preferred for power distribution due to its efficient transmission over distances.
• Home and Office:AC power is used to operate a wide range of appliances including refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, vacuum cleaners, computers, televisions, and others. AC power is highly efficient and allows these appliances to operate safely and reliably.
• Industrial Applications:AC power plays an essential role in various industrial and manufacturing processes such as metalworking, chemical processing, and assembly line production. This is because AC power provides a high level of controlled energy that is essential for these manufacturing processes.
• Transportation System: .AC power has become the primary source of power for various transportation systems such as electric trains, cars, buses, and airplanes. This shift toward AC power has been driven by its high efficiency, reliability, and reduced maintenance requirements.

You can check on Anker's AC power strip products here: Anker AC Power Collection >> 

What is DC Power?

Direct Current (DC) is an electric current type that flows consistently in one single direction. The intensity of the current does not vary with time; thus, it's called direct current. Batteries, fuel cells, and solar cells produce direct currents.

Pros and Cons

Pros

• DC flows evenly throughout the cross-sectional area of the wire, reducing loss of power due to the 'skin effect' in AC.
• DC power does not entail the phase factor. Unlike AC, DC can be stored.
• DC systems generally incur fewer losses, and the power transmitted is high.

Cons

• DC systems are more expensive due to higher insulation requirements.
• Unlike AC, the level of DC voltage cannot be changed easily without losing considerable energy.
• DC cannot be transmitted economically over long distances due to a drop in voltage.

Applications of DC Power

• Transportation: DC power is used to charge the batteries of electric cars, buses, and trucks. DC fast charging stations can provide high power output to replenish the battery in a matter of minutes, allowing for longer trips and reducing the range anxiety of electric vehicle owners.
• Telecommunication Systems: DC power is becoming more common in the telecom and computing industry as companies look for more energy-efficient solutions. This industry uses DC power to operate mobile phone towers, data centers, and servers.
• Renewable Energy Systems: DC power is generated by solar panels, wind turbines, and other renewable energy sources. DC-to-AC inverters are used to convert DC power into AC power that can be fed into the grid or used in buildings. DC power is also used in energy storage systems such as batteries to store excess energy for later use.
• Electronics: DC power is used to power smartphones, notebooks, earbuds, and other portable devices, as well as home appliances such as TVs, cameras, and gaming consoles. With the increasing demand for mobile devices and the need for fast charging, DC power technology has evolved to deliver higher power output and greater efficiency.

The Anker 735 Charger is a prime example of the applications of DC power and how it can be leveraged to unlock a multitude of benefits. Powering up to 3 devices simultaneously, this charger has 2 USB-C ports and 1 USB-A port that provides a charging output of up to 65W when a single device is connected. Our exclusive dynamic power distribution technology -- PowerIQ 4.0 technology -- enables the charger to detect the precise power requirements of each connected device and adjust the charging output accordingly, providing a faster and more efficient charge. Compared to traditional chargers, the Anker 735 Charger can charge devices up to 30 minutes faster while also enhancing battery life.

What is the difference between AC and DC power?

What is the difference between AC and DC power in real life? AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current) power are two different types of electric current. AC power, as the name suggests, alternates its direction periodically, forming a sinusoidal waveform. On the other hand, DC power maintains a constant flow of current in one direction. One primary difference between what is AC and DC power is the way they are transmitted and used in various applications.

AC power is primarily used in power transmission and household appliances because it can easily be converted to different voltages using transformers. This makes it more suitable for long-distance transmission and reduces power loss during transmission. In contrast, DC power is commonly found in batteries, electronic devices, and solar panels, where a stable, unidirectional current is required for effective operation.

Why need these two different power types?

The reason we need these two different types of power lies in their unique properties and preferred use cases. AC power is more efficient for long-distance transmission and can be easily stepped up or down in voltage, making it more convenient for supplying power to households and industries. It's also easier to convert AC to DC than vice versa, which means many electronic devices use AC power as input and then convert it into DC for internal use.

On the other hand, DC power is necessary for applications that need a stable & continuous current, such as electronic devices, electric vehicles, and other battery-powered systems. It is also utilized in renewable energy systems, such as solar panels, which generate DC electricity. Thus, both AC & DC power serve distinct purposes by fulfilling specific requirements depending on the application.

Conclusion

AC and DC power, each with their own set of merits and drawbacks, have carved their distinctive roles in electric power. These unsung heroes silently shape our everyday existence, from illuminating your home with AC power to driving your smartphone and electric cars on DC. The real takeaway here is not about choosing AC over DC, or vice versa, but rather understanding the compelling interplay between them that powers our world and drives innovation. As technology forges ahead, the coexistence of AC or DC power underscores the endless possibilities and opportunities that lie within our electrified world. Expect this duet of power to continue to fuel the progress of our digital age as we march towards a brighter and electrifying tomorrow.

FAQ

Here are some commonly asked queries about AC vs DC power.

Why is DC current not used in homes?

Direct Current (DC) is not typically used in homes due to its inefficiency in being transmitted over long distances. The power losses encountered with DC transmission is quite high compared to Alternating Current (AC). Additionally, changing the voltage levels of DC is more complex than that of AC. Due to these reasons, the AC system, capable of easy voltage transformation and less power loss during transmission, is preferred for domestic use.

Why is DC used over AC?

DC is preferred over AC in certain applications due to its constant and unidirectional flow of electric charge. Specifically, all modern electronic devices, including your computers, LED TVs, and smartphones, utilize DC power, as DC supply ensures a stable and constant voltage level, critical for the functioning of these sensitive electronic devices.

Which is safer AC or DC?

Comparatively, neither AC nor DC is entirely safe, and both can indeed be lethal under certain conditions. However, Alternating Current (AC) is typically portrayed as more dangerous than Direct Current (DC). This is due to AC's ability to cause harmful effects like fibrillation in the human heart, primarily because our bodies' impedance is lower under fluctuating high frequencies than it is under constant DC currents. Furthermore, the 'let‐go' threshold of AC is lower compared to DC, meaning a person has a greater chance of releasing a live conductor under DC than AC.